dd if=50GB_test.file of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=1M conv=fsync Watch the speed graph. If it collapses after 25GB, your drive needs a heat sink. A 50GB file is unwieldy for email or FAT32 drives (which cap at 4GB). Here is how to split it. Splitting for FAT32 or Cloud Uploads Using 7-Zip or Linux split :
Use dd to write the 50GB file to the raw disk, bypassing OS cache. 50 gb test file
# Creates a 50GB file filled with zeros (fastest) dd if=/dev/zero of=~/50GB_test.file bs=1M count=51200 dd if=/dev/urandom of=~/50GB_random.file bs=1M count=51200 status=progress dd if=50GB_test
On random 50GB data, ZSTD will finish 5x faster than Gzip with similar ratios. Scenario 4: Disk Throttling & Thermal Testing NVMe SSDs have incredible burst speeds (7,000 MB/s), but after writing 20-30GB, the controller heats up and the SLC cache fills. The drive drops to "TLC direct write" speeds (1,500 MB/s). Here is how to split it
Enter the .
The dd command has been the king of synthetic files for 40 years.