| Feature | do Carmo | Spivak | | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Rigor | Very High | Extreme | High (but accessible) | | Applications | Low (Pure theory) | Very Low | Very High (Mechanics, Biology) | | Computer Algebra | None | None | Maple code integrated | | Intuition | Medium (Assumes maturity) | Low (Witty but dense) | High (Geometric pictures) | | Best for... | Math Grad Students | Math PhDs | Applied Math, Physics, Eng. undergrads |
John Oprea is a professor at Kent State University. He poured years into this book. If you use a pirated PDF, the publisher loses money, and the author loses royalties, making a 3rd edition less likely. | Feature | do Carmo | Spivak |
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